CissoLean™ Other Ingredients

In addition to Cissus quadrangularis (Cissusª), CissoLeanª includes other ingredients to provide a complete weight loss solution. Each ingredient selected has been added to address specific challenges with losing weight. The other ingredients of CissoLeanª include:

  1. Increase Metabolosim - B-Vitamin Complex (B6, B12 and Folic Acid);
  2. Enhances Cardiovascular Health - Green Tea Extract; and,
  3. Assist with Emotional Eating - PEA - Phenylethylamine.

B-Vitamin Complex (B6, B12 and Folic Acid)

The B vitamins act as coenzymes, compounds that unite with a protein component called an apoenzyme to form an active enzyme. The enzyme then acts as a catalyst in the chemical reactions that transfer energy from the basic food elements to the body.

Vitamin B6 is frequently recommended as a nutrient to support mental function (mood) and nerve conduction. A common claim for B6 relates to "healthy cholesterol levels" (because niacin can help lower cholesterol in some people). Because B6 also plays a role in prostaglandin synthesis, claims are often made for the "benefits" of B6 in regulating blood pressure, muscle and heart function and pain levels (each of which is partially regulated by prostaglandins).

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble B vitamin. B12 is also known as cobalamin because it contains cobalt. B12 functions in a wide variety of metabolic processes, many of which are involved in transferring methyl groups between amino acids. B12 works closely with another B vitamin, folic acid, in reactions involved with DNA synthesis, blood cell formation, nervous system maintenance and heart health.

Folic acid is a B vitamin that plays an important role DNA and RNA synthesis, production of red blood cells and maintenance of the nervous system. Fruits and veggies are the best dietary source (think folic Đ "foliage"), with dark leafy greens, oranges and orange juice, beans and peas leading the way. Clinical evidence clearly shows a beneficial effect of adequate folic acid intake in reducing the risk of brain and spinal cord birth defects. Due to its role in red blood cell formation, homocysteine metabolism and the fact that deficiency of folic acid results in megaloblastic anemia, supplemental levels are often associated with maintenance of energy levels and heart health.

B-Vitamin Complex References

  1. Dreon DM, Butterfield GE. Vitamin B6 utilization in active and inactive young men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 May;43(5):816-24.
  2. Eisinger J, Clairet D, Brue F, Ayavou T. Absence of correlation between magnesium and riboflavin status. Magnes Res. 1993 Jun;6(2):165-6.
  3. Fogelholm M, Rehunen S, Gref CG, Laakso JT, Lehto J, Ruokonen I, Himberg JJ. Dietary intake and thiamin, iron, and zinc status in elite Nordic skiers during different training periods. Int J Sport Nutr. 1992 Dec;2(4):351-65.
  4. Gray ME, Titlow LW. The effect of pangamic acid on maximal treadmill performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(6):424-7.
  5. Kopp-Woodroffe SA, Manore MM, Dueck CA, Skinner JS, Matt KS. Energy and nutrient status of amenorrheic athletes participating in a diet and exercise training intervention program. Int J Sport Nutr. 1999 Mar;9(1):70-88.
  6. Leklem JE, Shultz TD. Increased plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and vitamin B6 in male adolescents after 4500-meter run. Am J Clin Nutr. 1983 Oct;38(4):541-8.
  7. Manore MM. Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Aug;72(2 Suppl):598S-606S.
  8. Manore MM. Vitamin B6 and exercise. Int J Sport Nutr. 1994 Jun;4(2):89-103.
  9. Rokitzki L, Sagredos AN, Reuss F, Cufi D, Keul J. Assessment of vitamin B6 status of strength and speedpower athletes. J Am Coll Nutr. 1994 Feb;13(1):87-94.
  10. Suzuki M, Itokawa Y. Effects of thiamine supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue. Metab Brain Dis. 1996 Mar;11(1):95-106.
  11. Tonda ME, Hart LL. N,N dimethylglycine and L-carnitine as performance enhancers in athletes. Ann Pharmacother. 1992 Jul-Aug;26(7-8):935-7.

Green Tea Extracts

Green Tea extracts are powerful antioxidants that promote cardiovascular health and increase metabolic energy. For centuries, people around the world have considered green tea a general health tonic and associated its consumption with increasing longevity and improving the quality of life. Today, a significant body of scientific research supports the healthful benefits of green tea consumption as well green tea extract supplementation. The principle constituents in green tea responsible for its healthful benefits are a class of polyphenolic compounds called ̉catechins.Ó The predominant and most active of these energy contributing catechin is epigallocatechin gallat (EGCG). The investigators note that green tea extract contains a high amount of EGCG. This compound may work with other chemicals to increase levels of fat oxidation and thermogenesis, where the body burns fuel such as fat to create heat.

Green Tea References

  1. Bassleer C, Malaise M. Chondroitin sulfate: Its in vitro effects on human articular chondrocytes Dulloo AG et al., Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-hr energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans, Amer J Clin Nutr 70: 1040-1045 (1999).
  2. Kao Y-H, Hiipakka RA and Liao S, Modulation of endocrine systems and food intake by green tea epigallocatechin gallate. Endocrinology 141: 980-987 (2000).
  3. Yamada S, Replacement of fluid lost due to sweating in a hot working-environment,: Sangyo Igaku 1992 Sep;34(5):468-71.
  4. Anon., Proceedings and abstracts presented at the First International Symposium on the Physiological and Pharmacological Effects of Camellia sinensis (Tea), Preventative Medicine (1992), 21:329-553.
  5. You SQ. Study on feasibility of Chinese green tea polyphenols (CTP) for preventing dental caries. Chin J Stom 1993;28(4):197Đ9.
  6. Hamilton-Miller JM. Antimicrobial properties of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Antimicro Agents Chemother 1995;39(11):2375Đ7.

PEA - Phenylethylamine

Phenylethylamine (PEA), an endogenous neuromodulating compound known to increase concentration, elevate mood and alleviate depression. PEA has been coined ̉the molecule of love.Ó

The following is a series of abstracts from peer-reviewed scientific papers demonstrating the importance of dopamine transmission in attention and mood, and the role of PEA in enhancing dopamine transmission, thereby increasing attention, elevating mood and alleviating depression.

ROLE OF DOPAMINE TRANSMISSION IN PLEASURE

Dopamine is one of the main transmitters responsible for the sensation of pleasure. Many compounds known to alleviate depression are known to enhance dopamine transmission. Dopamine is also associated with attention and concentration.

PEA AND DOPAMINE

PEA enhances dopamine transmission, thereby alleviating symptoms of dopamine deficiency such as depression and attention deficit disorder.

PEA AND DEPRESSION

Phenylacetate (PAA), PEAƠs metabolite, is decreased in the urine of depressive patients, suggesting that depression is related to a deficiency of PEA in the brain.

Oral intake of PEA alleviates depression in 60% of depressed people -which is similar to the results obtained with all major antidepressants such as Prozac- with no side effects.

Phenylethylamine (PEA), an endogenous neuroamine, increases attention and activity in animals and has been shown to relieve depression in 60% of depressed patients. It has been proposed that PEA deficit may be the cause of a common form of depressive illness. Fourteen patients with major depressive episodes that responded to PEA treatment (10-60 mg orally per day, with 10 mg/day selegiline to prevent rapid PEA destruction) were reexamined 20 to 50 weeks later. The antidepressant response had been maintained in 12 patients. Effective dosage did not change with time. There were no apparent side effects.

  1. Sabelli H, Fink P, Fawcett J and Tom C (1996) Sustained antidepressant effect of PEA replacement. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 8(2): 168-71

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